Therefore, at the intersection of the beam and slab, there should not be a formwork. Ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the voided slab system during the construction phase. On center software tutorial series onscreen takeoff tutorial. The void formers are produced in a variety of shapes depending on the design of the slab. Poured concrete suspended slabs of special construction, including floors. Sandwich slabs may have the disadvantage of a larger weight compared to the ribbed ones but on the other hand, they have the advantage that their spans and supports behave in the same proper way. German test certificate number psac 02iv065 according to din 41022 enclosure d3. Beam formwork should permit concreting of slab and beam at the same time. Pci bridge manual appendix b, aashtopci standard products. Square takeoff is designed to allow concrete contractors to upload digital blueprints and complete an online takeoff 3x faster than simply doing it by hand. The required bubbledeck slab type is the next size up from the minimum bd voided slab thickness. Elliptical and torus shaped hollow plastic members, termed as void formers, are held in place by a light metal mesh for easy installation between the top and bottom reinforcement layers of a concrete slab. Unless otherwise stated, excavation shall be measured by volume as the void.
Slab is largest member which consumes concrete and. Need to know how many cubic yards of concrete you need for a slab or footer. So by using shape of void as circular and rectangular. This extreme weight not only puts a strain on the slab. The types and degrees of reinforcement vary on diverse areas. Construction online takeoff and estimating software designed for concrete construction companies to assist in the bidding of construction projects. A video demonstration of concrete takeoffs from pdf tiff files onscreen, using an excel spreadsheet. Biaxial voided slabs as shown in picture 4, are structural slabs where. Sustainable construction aguide on concrete usage index bca. The takeoff is the visualization of what has been defined as the projects scope. All voided biaxial slabs incorporate an array of rigid void formers which contain air within the voids. These section of slab are replaced with some lighter is material. A short video on how to calibrate and then measure pdf construction drawings.
Similar voids also occur at the formworks of beam and slab intersections. For additional explanations on using these tables, refer to the respective handbook editions. Waffle slabs are a common type of hollowcore slab which use the same principle as voided biaxial slabs. This easytouse software allows you to estimate costs in minutes share your plans. Voided slab free download as powerpoint presentation. In the comparative case study, the following lightweight slab solutions are compared. Use of appropriate automation tools is highly recommended. Active takeoff measuring concrete walls and footings youtube. The concept centers on removing concrete mass from the areas of the slab where it is not structurally efficient. Almost all of the takeoff software allows obtaining quite a variety of file types including, pdf, jpeg, tiff, as well as most other cad documents.
Previously, he worked for the american concrete institute for 10 years as engineering editor and director of. Internal partitions, suspended slabs, finishes etc. How to build and setup a concrete foundation for garages, houses, room additions, etc part 1 duration. This reduced the slabs nonaxial dead load by 30% while maintaining biaxial strength, and saved 786 cubic feet of concrete on the job. Both slab on grade and structural slabs can be created using this formwork. What if you could have all the unique advantages of a concrete structure, without the volume and weight. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and costs with the.
Concrete construction takeoff and estimating software. These slabs can be used in applications where slab depth may be an issue or when construction speed is a factor. Concrete slab foundations are generally found in residential construction. The digital takeoff is the jobs benchmark for estimating. Quantity takeoff or calculating sheet is the common type of indexing and taking off dimensions, amounts of substance needed and sorts needed in a bidding method of a construction task. In u boot technology, slabs are created with large span and makes floors thinner by reducing the weight while. Column take offs count each different column on the floor plan, using the column. Waste reduction extends to both concrete and steel in construction and at the end of a structures useful life. Beginning with voids made of 100% recycled plastic, this approach lowers the building s carbon footprint makes good use of abundant materials. Pci bridge design manual appendix b aashtopci standard products aashto solid and voided slab beams oct 97 dimensions inches type l h l1 l2 no. For this reason major developments of reinforced concrete have focused on enhancing the span. Yadav jaideep purushottam department of civil engineering, nova college of engineering and technology, jafferguda, batasingram village, hayath nagar mandal, r. Liftslab construction is a precast method of construction of slab on the ground and then lifting it to the structure. An introduction to bubble voided concrete flat slabs by kamron skaggs.
For residential construction, tendons at 48 inches on center are common. The comparative study of lightweight slab solutions in. When designing a reinforced concrete structure, a primary design limitation is the span of the slab between columns. As in any text book it is not clear about the behavior of using various shapes as void. The cost is managed by supervision of non skilled laborers, following the recommendations in this manual. The quantity takeoff sheet comprises channelling, duct system, employees, possibility outlay as well as addition of total approximate outlay. But it was used only in one way spanning construction, and must be supported by beams and or fixed walls. On center softwares onscreen takeoff ost solution effectively scales to support small construction businesses to large construction enterprises. However, their voids are placed on the underside of the slab rather than embedded within the slab, leading to lower shear strength and fire resistance. In addition, i enjoy the ability to add textures and decoration at every step of the forming process from soft slab to leather. Development of spreadsheet based quantity takeoff and cost. This may have been caused by the voids deforming or floatingup due to lateral pressure during the concrete pour. Posttension basics how posttensioned slabs are built the.
Particularly in systems that provide value engineering solutions, including weight reductions, materials optimization, cost reduction and increase construction speed. I will show you a couple tricks of the trade that will make life a little easier and then some example problems for you to practice to gain experience and confidence. Some of the existing voided slabs have displayed excessive longitudinal cracking over the voids in the negative zone. The design and detailing of hollow core, solid and lattice slab precast floor units and. The new powerful takeoff tools include much more efficient cad or computeraided designing features. You just need to know a little bit about geometry and use a little bit of engineering common sense. Pdf environmentally based optimization of rc slab floor structures. The measurements and ratings were carried out in regulation with iso 7171. While the wheel provides a way to quickly and efficiently produce multiple round forms, handbuilding allows me to slow down and enjoy the whole clay experience in a much more relaxing way. Forensic investigation of two voided slab bridges in the.
Slab supported on two sides and bending takes place predominantly in one direction only is called one way slab. Slab supported directly by columns are called flat slab. Precast options for bridge superstructure design john r. Civil estimating software takeoff software for construction. Lift slab construction, technique whereby concrete floor slabs are poured on the ground, one on top of the other, and then lifted into place on top of columns by hydraulic jacks. Analytical study of solid flat slab and voided slab using. These void formers are most commonly made of plastic such as highdensity polyethylene, and may use recycled materials. Voided concrete slabs rely on recycled materials and generate far less waste. Accuracy and completeness are critical factors in all cost estimates. More recently, the idea of castinplace bubble voided slabs has become a popular choice for designers and architects looking to decrease slab thickness and overall structure weight. Using parts does not help you to calculate the are of this sloping part of slab edge.
In order to make a quantity takeoff of concrete work, the estimator has to find out the concrete construction unit cost for setting up of concrete footings for a foundation or retaining wall. Quantity take off sheets download quantity takeoff sheet. Voided concrete flat plate slab systems, which have been used for many years in europe and other parts of the world, are becoming increasingly popular in the u. The following sections from the pci design handbook include interaction curves, load tables, and section properties for various precast concrete components. Basements, lift and scalator pits including bulk excavation, external walls,e tanking and filling around external walls. The washington state department of transportation wsdot makes these documents available on an as is basis. In a concrete continuous footing quantity takeoff worksheet, the cost highlights the cost per foot of any size of footing. Plastic voided slabs remove concrete from noncritical areas and replace the removed concrete with hollow plastic void formers while achieving similar load capacity as solid slabs. Voided slabs are a precast prestressed slab for bridge, building, marine pier and fish passage culvert replacement applications.
Reinforcement detailing of reinforced concrete slabs. Jan 19, 2016 the slab construction employed bubbledeck, which precisely sets recycled plastic void formers that look like bowling balls in the hollow deck to displace concrete along the neutral axis. The idea was to create a hollow biaxial slab with the. Accurate concrete construction quantity take off youtube. Thats what you expect from digital takeoff software. Sign up for the free trial and see why so many estimators choose. An essential feature of this type of construction is the floating floor slab. Oct, 2014 measuring concrete walls and footings in active takeoff. In basic, advanced and premier, etakeoffs construction blueprint software can make takeoff more efficient for all trades. Jun 24, 2010 can you imagine performing a takeoff from a pdf with software, simple pointandclick. Go team is capable of performing takeoff for concrete work including, foundations, retaining walls, columns, beams, slab on grade and elevated slab. Sustainable construction a guide on concrete usage.
Concrete rib construction method, crcm uses the engineering technology to design the elements structurals to handle the loads originated by climatic and or geographical location of the project. Fpasc110 specification and application of void spaces below concrete foundations 11 november 2007 issued for website publication foundation performance association structural committee page 2 of 22 preface this document was written by the structural committees fpasc11 ad hoc subcommittee. Voided flat plate voided slab the concept of the voided slab is simple in that concrete mass is removed from the areas in the slab where it is not needed to resist load and as a result of the reduced dead load, voided slabs can span further. Cobiax middle east is a trading and manufacturing company specialized in innovative construction systems and solutions. As an example for a 9 metre span between columns with multiple spans and requiring 1. Field tests in a raw building in leiden, the netherlands, concerning air and contact noiseresistance. This product innovation evolved due to the requirement of our customers to achieve greater structural spans whilst reducing the overall building mass and. Takeoff live is a fully featured takeoff estimation software used to calculate materials cost, construction cost, square footage, linear footage, and volume calculations that can be used by anybody. A type of precasting used in building construction involves casting floor and roof slabs at or near ground level and lifting them to their final position, hence the name liftslab construction. Construction of posttensioned slabs on grade is very similar to using reinforcing steel, except for the tensioning step. Pdf optimization of consumption of structural materials represents one of. How to measure pdf construction drawings walt coleman.
This floor system allows for large, clear spans and efficient overall slab thicknesses. With the purchase of our 03 concrete and 04 masonry catalogs we can not only do the takeoff for the concrete systems, but we can. Complete isolation of the floor from bearing walls, columns, nonbearing partitions, stairs, and utilities allows the slab to move with minimum damage to the structural integrity of the building. These voids enable cheaper construction and less environmental impact. Alternately, consider placing the phase line between two beams.
New york state department of transportation coordinates operation of transportation facilities and services including highway, bridges, railroad, mass transit, port, waterway and aviation facilities. This section research how voided slabs are constructed and how lighter weight and larger spans influence on building design. In reality, sandwich slabs are ribbed slabs with a slab placed both to their upper and lower surface. The singleleaved standard dimension paper quantity takeoff sheet for building estimating the singleleaved standard dimension paper is an alternative that you can use in place of the doubleleaved takeoff paper. Nov, 2010 their argument is based on the fact that it would become cost effective in the long run. Liftslab construction building construction britannica. Slab may be supported on walls or beams or columns. Analytical study of solid flat slab and voided slab using ansys workbench mr. You can access tables from previous editions of the handbook as well as the current edition.
The slabs were bd 230 mm with a fixed floor layer of 30 mm. Mccormick rankin corporation paper prepared for presentation at the bridges economical and social linkages session of the 2007 annual conference of the transportation association of canada. Evos slab system is a cme special biaxial, voided slab system developed and manufactured by cobiax middle east dmcc to cover the disadvantages of all previous voided slab systems by improving the concrete displacement, stability and rigidity of void formers, all of that enhance the uses of evos system in the construction site. An introduction to bubblevoided concrete flat slabs. It must be as accurate as possible and should be based on all available engineering and design data. Used for very tall multistory buildings, this method offers substantial savings in formwork. Flood super voidslab, our trademark voided slab unit, is flood super wideslab with attached eps void formers that allows the slab to span further and reduces the unit self weight. Cables are arranged as indicated by the engineer and chaired to run through the center of the slab. Estimation qs building cost estimating, quantity surveying, plan takeoff and measurement of construction work. How to estimate the cost of highrise cast in place flat.
Introduction one of the obstacles with concrete constructions, in case of horizontal slabs, is the high weight, which limits the span. Voided biaxial slabs, sometimes called biaxial slabs, are a type of reinforced concrete slab which incorporates airfilled voids to reduce the volume of concrete required. It is a slab from which some part of concrete is removed near the area where it is less useful. Europe, north america, oceania, and so on so this paper verified structural concept and performance, economic effects of twoway void slab and analyzed co2 emission reduction effect through construction materials. The study provides a recommendation with regard to how the virginia department of transportations structure and bridge division could revise its guidance on design, construction, and maintenance of adjacent member prestressed structures such as voided slabs to address issues identified in this study. By going through this construction video, you can learn how to perfectly place the reinforcing steel, specifically rebar, anchor bolts, hold downs, straps and column templates to reinforce concrete.
Analysis of voided deck slab and cellular deck slab using. All warranties and representations of any kind with regard to said documents are disclaimed, including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular use. The voids are generally cylindrically shaped, and constructed using hollow thinwalled steel sections placed within the slab. Treat the slab between the beam and the phase line as an overhang. Prestressed concrete construction manual 3rd edition april, 2017 new york state department of transportation office of structures about the cover. Slab edge does not report in material takeoff autodesk. Any comments on the principles should be sent to the rics construction faculty. Reinforcement detailing of a slab is done based on its support conditions.
Although coldformed steel framing for floor systems also is permitted by the irc, it is not covered here. Each chapter covers a major construction division, such as concrete, masonry and carpentry and uses plans, details and tables to illustrate plan reading and takeoff procedures. Quantity takeoff quantity take off problems are relatively easy to figure out. Comparison of carbon dioxide emissions of the ordinary. Innovative structural slab construction practices have taken the efficiency of traditional slab. In association with daliform group srl, italy, we present isects system uboot beton, a voided slab technology that allows large spans, efficiently formed as flat plates without beams, for many types of buildings and other structures while using significantly less concrete than if solid.
Aug 27, 2014 bill palmer is editor at large of hanley woods commercial construction group, which includes digital and print versions of concrete construction, concrete surfaces, the concrete producer, public works, and masonry construction. The construction industry is one of the main contributors to the. Spherical void formers in concrete slabs request pdf. Chapter 2 quantity takeoff the quantity takeoff is an important part of the cost estimate. The new prefabricated construction technology using bubbledeck slab is recently applied in many industrial projects in the world. At least 20 days prior to placing first voided concrete slab, contractor shall. Cobiax middle east innovative construction systems. In construction application, longspan slabs can become very thick and require large. Sci p351 precast concrete floors in steel framed buildings. His career in construction began as an onsite project engineer for a new. It done to reduce the dead the dead weight of the slab. Design voided concrete slab and precast filigree panels under direct supervision of structural engineer experienced in design of this work and licensed in state of california. Canadian precastprestressed concrete institute bob stofko, p.